1
10
21
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10f3fc6fcf786c2958890af903271e1f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Protecting the Public's Interests (C-4)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<em><strong>"I consider ethics, as well as religion, as supplements to law in the government of man." </strong></em><br /> <br /><em>-</em>Thomas Jefferson, Third President of the United States<br /> <br />Protecting the public’s interest is the responsibility of governments and their executive agencies. Decisions made concerning the allocation of public resources to the provision and delivery of public goods and services is guided by the need to protect the public’s interests. The interpretation of what represents the public’s interest may vary at any point in time among stakeholders. Consequently there is ongoing debate among lobbyists, who are often more concerned about the special interests of individuals, groups and firms than about the interests of the larger community and society as a whole.<br /> <br />Overall, those concerned with protecting the public’s interest focus on issues related to public safety and welfare, and what will be of long-term public benefit. They are interested in the development and implementation of public policy. According to Harold D. Lasswell (1990), essentially, public policy determines “who gets what, when, and how”. Policy making can involve lengthy disputes over what is best for the public at a particular juncture. Governments can rarely afford to attend to all demands from their constituents, hence the rivalry among constituents for attention to specific needs.<br /> <br />The debate about what is best for the public has traditionally been resolved by applying rational economic decision-making, in terms of achieving the most returns on the least investment. The rational for this approach is careful management of public resources. In recent decades other approaches to protecting the public interests have been developed. These include, for example, organization-based strategies, where the competence and capacity of the organization are taken in to consideration when determining governments’ potential for being effective.<br /> <br />Promoting ethical behavior among public officials is one of the key aspects of protecting the public’s interests.
Dataset
Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/public-protection-interests/public-protection-interests">Return to Protecting Public Interest</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
Charles Alston, an African-American artist and educator, created this drawing in 1943. It shows a strong, healthy family (man, woman, and two children) looking off into the distance. Behind them, we can see rows of soldiers. The caption reads, " A Well Fed Nation is a Fighting Nation." This drawing was meant to emphasize the link between patriotism and healthy eating habits.
In 1943, during World War II, it became imperative that soldiers and civilians alike stayed healthy. There was a correlation between good nutrition and citizenship. In many ways, healthy eating was considered to be a contribution to the war effort.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Charles Henry Alston
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1943
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
For Further Exploration Please Visit <a href="http://bit.ly/QUs7xi">http://bit.ly/QUs7xi</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Drawing.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/%22A_WELL_FED_NATION_IS_A_FIGHTING_NATION%22_-_NARA_-_535602.jpg
Title
A name given to the resource
A Well Fed Nation is a Fighting Nation - World War II Public Health Initiative
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="https://nara.getarchive.net/media/a-well-fed-nation-is-a-fighting-nation-269a3b">The National Archives</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
National Archives at College Park
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Charles Henry Alston
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Artwork
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
African-Americans, Charles Alston, Eating, Health, War, World War II
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United States
African-Americans
Charles Alston
Eating
Health
War
World War II
-
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2255ec1aca4e029f9536fc0670ba69a2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
American Library Association United War Work Campaign Poster
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/civic-engagement-gallery/civic-engagement-gallery">Return to Civic Engagement</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
<p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;">This poster for the American Library Association was created under the United War Work Campaign. It reads, "'Hey Fellows!' Your Money Brings the Book We Need When We Want It" Through public contributions, the ALA was able to provide library service to soldiers and sailors during World War I.<br /> <br />President Woodrow Wilson created the United War Work Campaign to raise money for war relief efforts both in the United States and abroad. Originally, eleven organizations participated, but that number settled at seven. The final agencies involved were the "National War Work Council of the Young Men's Christian Associations, War Work Council of the National Board of the Young Women's Christian Associations, National Catholic War Council (Knights of Columbus), Jewish Welfare Board, War Camp Community Service, American Library Association, and the Salvation Army.”</span></p>
<p></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
John E. Shreridan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1918
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Source: YWCA of the U.S.A. Records. (n.d.). Five College Archives & Manuscript Collections. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from <a href="https://findingaids.smith.edu/repositories/2/resources/661">http://bit.ly/UVl3yq</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Poster.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/ppmsca/40800/40830r.jpg
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
American Library Association, United War Work Campaign, Posters, War, World War I, Woodrow Wilson
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002722568/">Library of Congress </a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Library of Congress
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Poster
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Historic
American Library Association
Posters
United War Work Campaign
War
Woodrow Wilson
World War I
-
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bd60601b7b8472a9543cc81381c53c43
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
American Library Association, Library War Service
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/library-gallery">Return to Libraries</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
<p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;">Poster showing numerous scenes of activities sponsored by the American Library Association Library War Service, including interiors and exteriors of facilities, and military personnel reading and studying.<br /> <br />In 1917, the American Library Association was called upon to help the war effort with training, funds and providing books for the many military camps. They created the War Service committee, and provided library services to U.S. soldiers and sailors. They worked to provide library collections to over 500 military locations, distributing over 7 million books, magazines, and other material to soldiers. Though they only had 3,300 members at the time of the war, they managed to raise $5 million in public donations and continued to campaign for soldiers to get reading material they needed. Thanks to these combined efforts, soldiers today have access to libraries in the army, navy, and Veteran’s bureau.</span></p>
<p></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Library of Congress
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1918
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
For Further Exploration Please Visit <a href="http://www.ala.org/">www.ala.org/</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Poster.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3g00000/3g07000/3g07900/3g07929r.jpg
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
American Library Association, Library War Service, War, World War I, Soldiers, Military, Veterans
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/00653183/">Library of Congress</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Library of Congress
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Poster
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United States
American Library Association
Library War Service
Military
Soldiers
Veterans
War
World War I
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4c5d506a55a88dbdaf5d1c23763fe376
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Military Service (B-2)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p style="text-align:justify;"><em><b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;">“I have never advocated war except as a means of peace.”</span></b></em><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;"><br /> <br />-Ulysses S. Grant<br /> <br />Military service can be voluntary and involuntary. Although many countries have their military service made up of volunteers, in times of war, mandatory military service can be conscripted by governments to ensure that adequate numbers are available for national defense. Some countries have mandatory military service and require that all citizens serve for a period of time, for example, two years in active duty five years in the reserve. The United States does not have mandatory military service; however, on occasion its government has imposed a draft into military service.<br /> <br />The U.S. has several uniformed services that, throughout its history, have protected the country over land and sea, and in the air. These services are: the U.S. Army, Marine Corps., Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, National Guard and the Public Health Service Commission Corps. Some branches of the U.S. military service date back to the Revolutionary War. The U.S. Army, for example, was first the Continental Army, founded in 1775 to fight in the Revolutionary war. The U.S. Navy and Marine Corps were also founded in 1775. Since its inception, young people have given their lives to preserve peace and security and to protect the United States.<br /> <br />The Pentagon located in Washington D.C. is the headquarters for the U.S. Department of Defense (D0D). The mission of the DOD is to provide the military forces needed to deter war and to protect the security of the U.S. The Department of Defense is the U.S.'s oldest and largest government agency. The DOD has 1.4 million men and women on active duty, and 718,000 civilian personnel. It is the nation’s largest employer. Another 1.1 million serve in the National Guard and Reserve forces.<br /> <br />(Source: The U.S. Department of Defense. </span><a href="http://www.defense.gov/about/#mission"><b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#c51b35;">http://www.defense.gov/about/#mission</span></b></a><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;">)</span></p>
<p></p>
Dataset
Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Benjamin O. Davis Sr., 1st. African American General in the Regular Army & U.S. Armed Forces
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/military-service-gallery/military-service-gallery">Return to Military Service</a></h4>
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/diverse-public-service/diverse-public-service">Return to Public Service Diversity</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>"My own opinion was that blacks could best overcome racist attitudes through achievements, even though those achievements had to take place within the hateful environment of segregation."</strong> By Brigadier General Benjamin Oliver Davis Sr. <br /><br />Benjamin Oliver Davis, Sr., was born in Washington, D.C., on July 1, 1877. He entered the military service on July 13, 1898, during the War with Spain as a temporary first lieutenant of the 8th United States Volunteer Infantry. He was mustered out on March 6, 1899, and on June 18, 1899, he enlisted as a private in Troop I, 9th Cavalry, of the Regular Army. He then served as corporal and squadron sergeant major, and on February 2, 1901, he was commissioned a second lieutenant of Cavalry in the Regular Army. <br /><br />He was promoted to first lieutenant on March 30, 1905; to captain on December 24, 1915; to major (temporary) on August 5, 1917; and to lieutenant colonel (temporary) on May 1, 1918. He reverted to his permanent rank of captain on October 14, 1919, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel on July 1, 1920; to colonel on February 18, 1930; to brigadier general (temporary) on October 25, 1940. He was retired on July 31, 1941, and recalled to active duty with the rank of brigadier general the following day. <br /><br />General Davis' U.S. military decorations consisted of the Bronze Star Medal and the Distinguished Service Medal (DSM). His DSM medal, awarded by General Order 10, dated 22 February 1945, stated that General Benjamin O. Davis was awarded the DSM "for exceptionally meritorious service to the Government in a duty of great responsibility from June 1941 to November 1944. The War Department release issued about General Davis' DSM on February 11, 1945 included the following citation: <br /><br /><em>For exceptionally meritorious service to the Government in a duty of great responsibility from June, 1941, to November, 1944, as an Inspector of troop units in the field, and as special War Department consultant on matters pertaining to Negro troops. The initiative, intelligence and sympathetic understanding displayed by him in conducting countless investigations concerning individual soldiers, troop units and other components of the War Department brought about a fair and equitable solution to many important problems which have since become the basis of far-reaching War Department policy. His wise advice and counsel have made a direct contribution to the maintenance of soldier morale and troop discipline and has been of material assistance to the War Department and to responsible commanders in the field of understanding personnel matters as they pertain to the individual soldier.</em> <br /><br />Additionally, General Davis was awarded an Honorary Degree of LL.D. from Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia. His foreign awards and honors consisted of the Croix de Guerre with Palm from France and the Grade of Commander of the Order of the Star of Africa from Liberia.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
No date given
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In January 1997 the U.S. Postal Service issued a stamp in their Black Heritage Stamp series to honor the service and contributions of Brigadier General Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. <br /><br />Source: <a href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/topics/afam/davis.html">The U.S. Army Center of Military History </a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph,
Medium: Postage Stamp
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Benjamindavis.jpg
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_O._Davis_Sr.">Wikipedia</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Figures
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
African-Americans, Benjamin O. Davis Sr., General, Military Service, War
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Historic
African-Americans
Benjamin O. Davis Sr.
General
Military Service
War
-
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412eb179de890dd4dddb6bd6489eba6f
Dataset
Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Congress, Wilson before War Tax Message, 1914
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/financing-common-purposes-gall/financing-common-purposes-gall">Returning to Financing our Common Purposes</a></h4>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Harris & Ewing, photographer
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1914
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Congress, Wilson before War Tax Message. <br /><br />Source: Harris & Ewing CollectionDigital Id. hec 04662, <a href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print">Library of Congress</a> Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/hec/04600/04662v.jpg
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Congress, Woodrow Wilson, War Tax, World War I, 1914, War
Description
An account of the resource
None given
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/financing-common-purposes-gall">Library of Congress</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Library of Congress
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Event
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United States
1914
Congress
War
War Tax
Woodrow Wilson
World War I
-
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efc5b58ba40170a9883edaf6b8501826
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Motivation for the Public Service (D-3)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<em><strong>"I was having a better time at my job than were those of my peers who had opted for private practice. Life as a public servant was more interesting. The work was more challenging. The encouragement and guidance from good mentors was more genuine. And the opportunities to take initiative and to see real results were more frequent." </strong></em><br /> <br />- Sandra Day O'Connor<br /> <br />Motivation for public service is often referred to as a “calling” and those who hear it are determined to do meaningful work that will make a difference to their communities. Often those with the motivation for public service come from families with experience working in public service. They choose to pursue an education that will prepare them for working in administrative positions or in one of the many fields of public service, such as social welfare, law enforcement, and firefighting. Those who choose to work in nonprofit organizations also share the motivation for public service with concern for the wellbeing of others over and above their own gain.<br /> <br />Many who study motivation for public service do so to inform public sector recruitment processes. Person-to-organization fit is an important aspect of successful personnel recruitment. Studies have found that the motivation for public service differs from the motivation for careers in private businesses. Another indication of motivation for public service is an interest in public policy. Public policy development is fundamental to public service since public policies indicate the focus of public service delivery and the role and function of public agencies and their employees.<br /> <br />Socialization also influences individuals’ motivation for public service. A form of socialization, in addition to parental and educational, is professional socialization. Membership in professional public service organizations, participation in their conferences and other networking activities contributes a lot to building awareness of what is entailed in responding to the call to public service.
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Title
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For Your Country's Sake Today – For Your Own Sake Tomorrow
Subject
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<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/motivating-public-service/motivating-public-service">Return to Motivation for the Public Service</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
This poster, created by Steele Savage in 1944, appealed to the patriotism of women aged 20 to 35 to prompt them to enlist in the Women's Army Corps, the Navy WAVES, Marine Corps Women's Reserve, and the Coast Guard SPARs
This Posters during World War II was designed to instill in people a positive outlook, a sense of patriotism, and confidence. They linked the war in trenches with the war at home. From a practical point, they were used to encourage all Americans to help with the war effort. The posters called on every man, woman, and child to endure the personal sacrifice and domestic adjustments to further the national agenda. They encouraged rationing, conservation, and sacrifice. In addition, the posters were used for recruitment, productivity, and motivation as well as for financing the war effort. The stark, colorful graphic designs elicited strong emotions. The posters played to the fears, frustrations, and faith in freedoms that lingered in people's minds during the war.
Date
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1944
Rights
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Source: The Price of Freedom. (n.d.). In National Museum of American History. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from <a href="http://bit.ly/SQntRg">http://bit.ly/SQntRg</a>
Format
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Medium: Poster
Source
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https://i.pinimg.com/originals/88/c8/36/88c8364627ff97c9ab049422125694f8.png
Identifier
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Posters, War, Women, World War II, Campaign, Patriotism
Creator
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National Museum of American History
Relation
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For further exploration please visit <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/militaryhistory/">http://americanhistory.si.edu/militaryhistory/</a><br /><br />Link: <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object.cfm?key=35&objkey=9861">Smithsonian, National Museum of American History</a>
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National Museum of American History.
Contributor
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National Museum of American History.
Language
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English
Type
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Poster
Coverage
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United States
Campaign
Patriotism
Posters
War
Women
World War II
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<h3><strong>Philanthropy (G-3)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<em><strong>“We make a living by what we get; we make a life by what we give.” </strong></em><br /> <br />-Winston Churchill<br /> <br />Philanthropy is an age-old concept, which comes in many forms to provide support in dealing with the root causes of major global challenges; resource scarcities in small communities; and individual needs among the disabled and disadvantaged. Philanthropy provides a broad perspective for thinking about the meaning of one’s life in reference to personal sacrifice, and good will. The desire to “give back” may be the province of the most fortunate among us, but the desire to give is much more universal. Donors, whether large or small, also recognize the importance of giving more than money. Many are able to give non-financial assets, such as their influence to advance advocacy programs, contacts and networks to expand the reach of fundraising initiatives; and their professional expertise. The field of philanthropy also plays an important role in supporting experimental stages of innovative ideas, which when proven can be utilized and implemented by governments toward addressing public problems. Philanthropists are often at the helm of initiatives involving partnerships between public and private organizations as well as civil society.<br /> <br />Philanthropists have traditionally been the major contributors to the establishment of important public institutions, such as free libraries, hospitals, medical colleges, science laboratories, sports and entertainment centers, and universities. These are recognized as social investments with returns that can reduce human suffering and improve the general well-being of individuals and societies through solving social problems, enriching cultures, and strengthening societies. Philanthropy is fundamental to culture of the United States. The number of benevolent organizations continues to rise. Private businesses are also becoming more caring and socially responsible with organizational policies that promote better working environments and practices that benefit society beyond what they are legally required to do.<br /> <br />The Philanthropy gallery presents examples of noteworthy philanthropists from the mid 19th century on, who have made important contributions to humanity.
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Title
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Helen Gould, Army Supporter
Subject
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<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/philanthropy-gallery/philanthropy-gallery">Return to Philanthropy</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
You don’t have to be a soldier to help the war effort, and Helen Shepard proved that when she gave $100,000 to the United States government during the Spanish-American war. In addition, she gave $50,000 toward military hospital supplies and also aided wounded soldiers by becoming a member of the Women's National War Relief Association. When the war ended, she still found places that needed her aide and so put her efforts towards education. She gave the government another $10,000 to construct an engineering school, and gave additional contributions to Rutgers College. She also donated a library building at the New York University, and was active in the YMCA and YWCA programs.
Creator
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Bain News Service
Date
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22 January 1913
Source
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Helen Miller Shepard <br /><br />Source: Helen Miller Shepard. (2012, March 30). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved October 16, 2012, from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helen_Miller_Shepard&oldid=484770217">http://bit.ly/TZo5Ww</a>
Relation
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Link: <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ggbain.09254/">Library of Congress</a>
Rights
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Library of Congress
Publisher
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Library of Congress
Contributor
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Library of Congress
Format
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Medium: Photograph
Language
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English
Type
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Figures
Identifier
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Women
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Historic
Education
Helen Gould Miller Shepard
Military Service
Philanthropy
War
Women
-
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b23018c36ef573e525050e5892c716da
Dublin Core
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Title
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Hero Land
Subject
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<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/civic-engagement-gallery/civic-engagement-gallery">Return to Civic Engagement</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
Poster advertisement for Hero Land
Held at the Grand Central Palace in 1917 (from November 24-December 12), Hero Land was a WWI Allied war relief benefit. A New York Times advertisement described it as "a 16-Day Military Pageant, Theatrical Entertainment, Oriental Wonderland and Charity Mart; Devised, Created, Managed, and Financed by One Hundred Approved National War Relief Organization for the Benefit of American and Allied Relief."
It was an elaborate bazaar full of wartime reproductions, entertainment, restaurants, dancing, and more. These events drew a crowd of over 250,000, raising $571,438 (today, about $10.3 million) for war relief charities. Source: New York Times
Creator
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J. Carl Mueller
Date
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1917
Format
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Medium: Poster.
Source
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https://cdn.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3g00000/3g09000/3g09400/3g09455r.jpg
Identifier
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Hero Land, World War I, War Relief, War, Events, Posters
Relation
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<a href="https://digitalcollections.hoover.org/objects/37330/hero-land-grand-central-palace--the-greatest-spectacle-t?ctx=3b24a0ba-f766-41a5-a566-d0e7d121493c">Hoover Institution</a>
Rights
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Link: <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002695580/">Library of Congress</a>
Publisher
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Library of Congress
Contributor
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Library of Congress
Language
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English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Poster
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Historic
Events
Hero Land
Posters
War
War Relief
World War I
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d841998bff340c4ea8781fb8c9872eaf
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<h3><strong>Serving the Public in Elected Office (A-5)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>“What made you choose this career is what made me go into politics – a chance to serve, to make a difference. It is not just a job. It is a vocation.” </strong></em><br /> <br />-Tony Blair</p>
<p> <br />Elected officials are political leaders at the federal, state and local levels of government. They include presidents, prime ministers, congressmen and congresswomen, governors, legislators, mayors and county executives. In North America, for example, there are also elected tribal leaders- chiefs, who are recognized by the federal government. The term of office for elected officials varies from two to six years. In most cases elected officials can be re-elected for more than one term. There is usually no limit on the number of terms officials elected to congress can serve. The Presidents of the United States, however, can serve in office for a maximum of two four year terms.<br /> <br />Elected officials bear the responsibility as citizens’ representatives, to fulfill their promise of public service and of protecting the publics’ trust. The media pays a lot of attention to elected officials to ensure that they live up to the electorate’s expectations. The public expects that their service will not be motivated by personal career and financial aspirations, but rather by an intrinsic desire to contribute to the common good. For this reason, the service of elected officials is regarded as a vocation, or “calling” inspired by an interest in public policy, compassion for others, and commitment to servicing others more so than for personal gain. In a democracy people from all walks of life who hear the ‘calling’ to public service can campaign to become elected officials to serve in government. Their families often share in their commitment to public service and traditionally take on missions of their own, with some becoming celebrated for the contributions they make to their communities and beyond. United States First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (1933-45), for example, successfully led the formulation of the United Nations Universal Declaration on Human Rights (1948) in the immediate post World War 2 period. This international agreement declares the right to life for all people, with rights to privacy, nationality, safety and security, fair trial, freedom of thought and expression, education, assembly and property.</p>
<p><strong><em>First U.S. Senators</em></strong></p>
<p>This featured exhibit presents the first U.S. Senators from different minority groups across the US diverse population. </p>
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Jeannette Rankin, First Woman in the United States Congress
Description
An account of the resource
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Jeannette Rankin (June 11, 1880 – May 18, 1973) is often remembered primarily for being the first woman elected into the U.S. Congress. However, her work in public service and social activism far transcended her two terms in the House of Representatives, beginning with a career in social work in an earthquake-torn San Francisco of the early 20th century, and coming to a close with the organizing of a mass 1968 anti-war protest in Washington D.C. at the age of eighty-seven. The events of her life stand as an inspiration for all those devoted to the fulfilment of justice and peace in the public sphere.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Born to a large family in Missoula, Montana in 1880, Rankin quickly became familiar with both the plight of woman, who were expected to work just as hard as men in the private sphere but to remain silent in the public one, and industrial workers, who were subject to intolerable working conditions and granted pittances for their labor. Fittingly then, throughout her twenties, Rankin began forming connections to the burgeoning women’s suffrage movement in America, and took up a position as a social worker for the economically underprivileged, both in California and Washington. Working closely with the poor, Rankin developed a critique of the American state’s willingness to leave these people behind, of the government’s failure to create a social safety net for its population.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">The onset of World War I in Europe would add new dimensions to Rankin’s political consciousness. Becoming a founder of the Women’s Peace Party in 1914, she began to consider pacifism as essential to the success of both the women's and labor's movements. The connections that she made with Montana residents throughout this period of organization building would enable Rankin to launch a viable campaign for a Congress seat in the election season of 1916. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Running as a Republican (before the ideologies of the Democratic and Republican parties had switched to their current configurations), her campaign slogan read: “national woman suffrage, protection of childhood, state and national prohibition.” The inclusion of children’s rights in this list of goals, reveals the maternalistic characteristics of the First Wave feminism that Rankin subscribed to. Rankin believed that women had some inherent maternal instinct that was easily translatable into qualities such as non-violence, morality and intuition, and which American politics was desperately in need of. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">As Montana women had been granted the right to vote two years earlier, in 1914, they became integral to the success of Rankin’s Congressional campaign. This was apparent in the magnitude of correspondence that Rankin received from female citizens in the aftermath of the vote, celebrating her victory and, oftentimes, confiding in her. Feeling hopeful that a woman in office would finally allow their unique plights to be addressed, these women wrote to Rankin about domestic abuse, lack of economic autonomy, child mortality, and so on. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Once in office, Rankin’s pacifist politics would be put to the test almost immediately. As fate would have it, President Woodrow Wilson would call for the United States’ entry into WWI on the very day that Rankin took her Congressional seat. Stating that “I want to stand by my country… but I cannot vote for war,” Rankin joined forty-nine other members of Congress in rejecting the proposal. She felt strongly that this kind of economic commitment would further hinder the state’s ability to protect those American citizens already living in dire precarity. When it became clear though that she was part of the minority, and that war was imminent, she did what she could to lessen the harmful impacts of the violence. She worked to support the endeavors of the American Red Cross, and fought for the improvement of conditions within the military camps. Despite making these important efforts to aid soldiers, many of Rankin’s colleagues had already stereotyped her as weak or ineffective. Her position against war was taken by many male politicians as proof that women were not able to take necessary action to protect the country or its allies.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Rankin’s vote against WWI was only the first deed in a string of many that would be considered scandalous by these more conservative Congress members. Rankin’s devotion to suffrage drove her committed involvement in the passage of the Susan B. Anthony Amendment. This Amendment would eventually evolve into the 19th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which grants American women the right to vote. And, after the tragic death of 168 miners in Butte, Montana, Rankin stunned the floor of the House when she criticized the Anaconda Copper Mining Company, and called on the U.S. government to nationalize metal mines. As a pacifist, suffragist, and an enemy of abusive capitalists, a major target was placed on her back, and Rankin failed to secure another term in the following election cycle. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Rankin was unable to make her way back into office until 1939, when again the threat of America’s entrance into a world war loomed large. This time though, the uniqueness of Rankin’s political agenda within the context of Congress, became glaringly apparent. When the vote to join the Allies in their European war effort came to the House floor, Rankin was the only member to vote against. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">The isolation she felt in formal American politics might help to explain why she devoted herself fully to activist politics after her second term in Congress came to an end. She developed working relationships with other feminists and labor activists like Margaret Sanger and Mary Van Kleeck, and, importantly, came to see supporting the growing Civil Rights and Black Power movements as part and parcel of her anti-war, and feminist politics. Simultaneously, Rankin was developing a more fervent critique of American foreign policy, studying the ways in which America had historically taken on an imperialistic role in its relationships with Africa and South America, and becoming an advocate for liberation movements in these regions. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">With this political platform, Rankin (already in her eighties) helped to found the Jeannette Rankin Brigade in 1967. The Brigade was a feminist organization that hoped to build a Popular Front, or coalition, of women’s peace groups. For these women, the kind of positive peace they were advocating for, meant far more than states avoiding war. Positive peace meant quelling U.S. aggressive intervention abroad while working actively to better the conditions of life domestically. It meant redirecting funds directed toward bloodshed to guaranteeing economic support, racial justice, and gender equality at home. The women within the Brigade came from a wide spectrum of ideological backgrounds, but crucially, the organization offered a space for previous Communist Party members who had been pushed out of the realm of organizing by Mccarthy-era hostility. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">For their entry into the political scene, the Jeannette Rankin Brigade organized a march on Washington D.C. in protest of the Vietnam War for January, 1968. Over 5,000 women from around the country, dressed in black (to signify the amount of life lost in the war), touted a banner reading “End the War in Vietnam and the Social Crisis at Home.” With this, they clearly articulated the intricate links between aggressive foreign policy and domestic inequality, racism, political censorship, and so on. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">By ceaselessly fighting against forms of abuse, occurring both domestically and internationally, Jeannette Rankin proved herself to be a lifelong servant of the public interest. Although she was not always successful, her path opened up new political possibilities, and allowed the boundaries of the status quo to be broadened in the name of equality.</span></p>
<br /><strong>Sources:</strong><br /><p><span style="font-weight:400;">Castledine, Jacqueline. </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Cold War Progressives: Women's Interracial Organizing for Peace and Freedom</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;">. United States: University of Illinois Press, 2012.</span></p>
<p><i><span style="font-weight:400;">History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives,</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> Office of the Historian, </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Black Americans in Congress, 1870–2007.</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2008. “Party Realignment And The New Deal,” </span><a href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/BAIC/Historical-Essays/Keeping-the-Faith/Party-Realignment--New-Deal/"><span style="font-weight:400;">https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/BAIC/Historical-Essays/Keeping-the-Faith/Party-Realignment--New-Deal/</span></a><span style="font-weight:400;"> (February 15, 2021)</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">“Jeannette Rankin." </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Suffragists Oral History Project</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;">. Accessed August 22, 2016. </span><a href="http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt758005dx"><span style="font-weight:400;">http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt758005dx</span></a><span style="font-weight:400;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Murphy, Mary. "When Jeannette Said "No": Montana Women's Response to World War I." </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Montana: The Magazine of Western History</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> 65, no. 1 (2015): 3-94. Accessed February 15, 2021. </span><a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/24420046"><span style="font-weight:400;">http://www.jstor.org/stable/24420046</span></a><br /><br /><span style="font-weight:400;">Simon, Barbara Levy. "Women of conscience: Jeannette Rankin and Barbara Lee." </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Affilia</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> 17, no. 3 (2002): 384-388</span></p>
<strong><br />Further Reading: </strong> <br /><br />Michelle Moravec, “Another Mother for Peace: Reconsidering Maternalist Peace Rhetoric from a Historical Perspective 1967-2007,” Journal of Motherhood Initiative 1, no. 1 (2010). <br /><br />Lewis, Tiffany. “Democracy and Government: A Critical Edition of Jeannette Rankin’s 1917 Address at Carnegie Hall.” Advances in the history of rhetoric 20, no. 1 (2017): 47–56. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15362426.2016.1269137. <br /><br />Bennett, Scott H., and Charles F. Howlett. Antiwar Dissent and Peace Activism in World War I America : a Documentary Reader Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2014.<br /><br />Link: <a href="https://www.swarthmore.edu/library/peace/CDGA.M-R/Rankin.html">Swarthmore College</a>
Congress
Congresswoman
Jeannette Rankin
Montana
Pacifism
War
Women
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Dublin Core
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Title
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<h3><strong>Military Service (B-2)</strong></h3>
Description
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<p style="text-align:justify;"><em><b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;">“I have never advocated war except as a means of peace.”</span></b></em><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;"><br /> <br />-Ulysses S. Grant<br /> <br />Military service can be voluntary and involuntary. Although many countries have their military service made up of volunteers, in times of war, mandatory military service can be conscripted by governments to ensure that adequate numbers are available for national defense. Some countries have mandatory military service and require that all citizens serve for a period of time, for example, two years in active duty five years in the reserve. The United States does not have mandatory military service; however, on occasion its government has imposed a draft into military service.<br /> <br />The U.S. has several uniformed services that, throughout its history, have protected the country over land and sea, and in the air. These services are: the U.S. Army, Marine Corps., Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, National Guard and the Public Health Service Commission Corps. Some branches of the U.S. military service date back to the Revolutionary War. The U.S. Army, for example, was first the Continental Army, founded in 1775 to fight in the Revolutionary war. The U.S. Navy and Marine Corps were also founded in 1775. Since its inception, young people have given their lives to preserve peace and security and to protect the United States.<br /> <br />The Pentagon located in Washington D.C. is the headquarters for the U.S. Department of Defense (D0D). The mission of the DOD is to provide the military forces needed to deter war and to protect the security of the U.S. The Department of Defense is the U.S.'s oldest and largest government agency. The DOD has 1.4 million men and women on active duty, and 718,000 civilian personnel. It is the nation’s largest employer. Another 1.1 million serve in the National Guard and Reserve forces.<br /> <br />(Source: The U.S. Department of Defense. </span><a href="http://www.defense.gov/about/#mission"><b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#c51b35;">http://www.defense.gov/about/#mission</span></b></a><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#000000;">)</span></p>
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Keep Us Flying! Buy U.S. War Bonds
Subject
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<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/military-service-gallery/military-service-gallery">Return to Military Service</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
"If anyone, then, asks me the meaning of our flag, I say to him—it means just what Concord and Lexington meant; what Bunker Hill meant; which was, in short, the rising up of a valiant young people against an old tyranny to establish the most momentous doctrine that the world had ever known—the right of men to their own selves and to their liberties.
Henry Ward Beecher
War Bonds played a crucial role in financing World War II. They were issued by the government with intentions of generating capital to fund the war and made civilians feel involved in their national militaries. In this propaganda poster, Tuskegee Airmen offer encouragement to purchase them and help the cause.
The Tuskegee Airmen were the first African American military aviators in the United States armed forces. During World War II, African Americans in many U.S. states still were subject to the Jim Crow laws. The American military was racially segregated, as was much of the federal government. The Tuskegee Airmen were subject to racial discrimination, both within and outside the army. Despite these adversities, they trained and flew with distinction."
Creator
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United States Department of Treasury
Date
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1943
Rights
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Source: Tuskegee Airmen. (2012, October 2). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19:32, October 4, 2012, from <a href="http://bit.ly/UHA9Hz">http://bit.ly/UHA9Hz</a>. <br /><br />For further exploration please visit <a href="http://bit.ly/UHA9Hz">http://bit.ly/UHA9Hz</a>
Format
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Medium: Lithograph.
Source
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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Tuskegee_airman_poster.jpg
Relation
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Link: Keep Us Flying! Buy War Bonds <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tuskegee_airman_poster.jpg">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tuskegee_airman_poster.jpg</a>
Publisher
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United States Department of Treasury
Contributor
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United States Department of Treasury
Language
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English
Type
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Artwork
Identifier
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Propaganda, War, War Bonds
Coverage
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United States
Propaganda
War
War Bonds