1
10
586
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/330e6d47fd4d105bb85468f2c7e201f9.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=XxUg-CaprQWgntzLECS7L5Oc%7EBvhuw84SytSytej7vQrJ8bfxt0RMru7kIEQJZWAnbQmBE1hmhB1mdu8gcfI-r3UROgX7%7EUtB4nO4BC3h4XyLBSo6M9lrz63fJ0%7EC6Oy522lFg1ngZA%7EwJVBsjPBKplMs-vT836X562hcWkzeS3auc0IxE5yKWTzsNNL4KpcsX6SR7e3ddnVelScdXbvIIpqtSIZJCEbD0DS4KSkFIr0WalhTp7q%7EuRJvMwYgxn3sCWfDViw-LpEl41xrDOqS4Ues41gH6z3SKxbkGRPW1pHtDEYcBz4ojE%7EF0Y%7EPaW9skXAhxWITMaGh1154sqndw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b32adec68c63f9d5437cdd7347b2c3e2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Mullet Building </strong><br /><br />Alfred B. Mullet State War & Navy Building, now known as the Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Washington, DC
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/7254eabb055069bda46bc4ac5746c308.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=N4vRaK6r9FzROrhFuMVVvVdxXfRWlA7iW0Egyru9CfpEbZHZVdZeJHrjNB9yOgesdy3TgGaFjnkaXbpo1p3GRAltm9JMcDilR6XwRrXZZeAv36j2ZQU8NyyuMCwnaICv4Z%7EEVkSNfx2ZnK0cuIOJMi1n7aQBo7%7ECozD1mCOZWGjhJn-trPnWH8SD3hpsR7EmDrshLhgDqkN%7EBDQyrtVnSEq-X772cC0IEfcaAUdq4TpKwYC7xxBmXYpfAryjHWmIyR99FbcuSYewi%7E4iqTLEC3hvpoCZ9R9fY-3D7sYQPxqN2rMr3-qssiEhKmnRyY7%7Eupq3-aCwp5D3aimAQo9oCA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
4311fa4ee54126f14de59b2850698163
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Public Architecture - Political and Social Meaning
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works </a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
Note the Gallery Media section to the left for the following two articles. <br /><br />- Public Voices Volume III No. I. Public Architecture As A Political and Social Anchor in the Post Modern Age (1997). By Charles T. Goodsell. <br /><br />Public architecture is presented as a potential source of shared meaning. <br /><br />-Public Voices Volume III No. 3. Social Meaning of Public Architecture: A Victorian Elucidation. A theoretical framework for social interpretation of public buildings is proposed (1999). By James P. Armstrong, Jeffrey M. Coleman: Charles T. Goodsell, Danielle S. Hollar, and Keith A Hutcheson.<br /><br />The authors draw from Victorian Art Critic John Ruskin’s theoretical framework for social interpretation of public architecture to identify forms of social meaning embedded in government building. The building is the Alfred B. Mullet State War & Navy Building, now known as the Dwight D. Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Washington, DC.<br /><br />Armstrong et al (1998) use a framework derived from “The Seven Lamps of Architecture” by Victorian art critic John Ruskin, to examine and interpret the social meaning derived from a public building. The Mullet building is considered to be a Victorian Masterpiece of public Architecture - Alfred B. Mullet State War and Navy Building, Washington D.C. <br /><br />Ruskin’s lamps are sacrifice, truth, power, beauty, life, memory, and obedience, which were the titles of chapters in his book. Based on the content of each chapter, Armstrong et al interpret Ruskin’s titles as referring to interpretations of public buildings as: controversies, metaphors, markers, museums, influences, histories and intimidation. See diagram pp. 8.<br /><br /><a href="https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/sites.uwm.edu/dist/9/86/files/2017/12/PV-14-2-BOB-lib-2l488xf.pdf">Public Voices Journal can be accessed through this link (dead link)</a><br /><br />Public Voices is a unique journal that focuses on historical, artistic and reflective expression concerning public administrators and the public service. It is is published by National Center for Public Performance (NCPP) at the School of Public Affairs and Administration (SPAA), Rutgers University–Newark.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Architect - Alfred B. Mullet
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1888
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Gallery media: <br /><a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Dhj76sYjAivYTP4JBFyB5jUZ3n4aJy-M">Public Architecture - Goodsell </a><br /><br /><a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Dhj76sYjAivYTP4JBFyB5jUZ3n4aJy-M">Social Meaning of Public Architecture</a>
Relation
A related resource
Public Voices Journal
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Humanities & Social Sciences Online and Wikimedia
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Eisenhower Executive Office Building
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Eisenhower Executive Office Building
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Buildings
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Washington D.C.
Public Architecture
Washington D.C.
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/070ebe63f2af148dde9f452f840a2c61.jpeg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=v4GB%7ECC36o2vrZiuDE1Wi%7Exh5bDILbWGK3wYIdeuhv1WajeEACumpvqsuLYO-%7EGkuiIyXGT11hreCH0T9-PeiIE4S9Cp-9FYodOmsKA8caWNle5OLePJGX9hGd54ViuA4gW6lKdZYGy%7EJfRyGMXx2Uzh36YaXXlii2BwbP6VM4yYae5HK4Wn6HaTB9qznU1K1p2r8EzA3Sgk-NNVE%7Epn-m5RjwOP1Ai-GXl2629sHoy2h4l3Z3ObJRjx5vqERcppbyY7hmJS5BCF9IsmERrncJj5DHfl%7EWqGB4UbwXQLlP7Z5nd0ekKxYF1tZYYztVntDXR-nlHnqd9lFPS-eQscSg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3e382045b10eb278f774c21644847628
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Memorial </strong><br /><br />Lincoln Memorial - Harris & Ewing Collection (US Library of Congress). Source: Library of of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/bc77258c4a466528d31e9e12343b77ff.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ekNYAOw4Ovu3kNTaFuHfcpKxaIMmYfaMVCujO0MCdgd76B4%7ENnKz6H4KgBV09LFUPRL20c6meEhbUDQ%7ETErYar-nZVx6w2SEy56m5kSO8M4LveSuonOLSFb59McpGP10rJKk6Z1BdZaIIa%7ED1LP6HtvOlWHYumoOQZOdyT45IcEzILKFiABV7gi8GzHfjmtZZtIqsu7XB562GUYqhRqCaSKAqzE3qbp1YpxTptTxZsUOIpwOn3gO0u5LLtPZKd3Fre%7E%7EfdJPw%7E2%7ES9a2IzAuVEPI54gknihsl6adIYcHJDSZ1JDWUoriG5Q%7Er5vEyEOxm2etwqVMWVdfIEF%7EfA6tsw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
ac340efe60f776b31c9f5474c554d400
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Physical Object
An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">The Lincoln Memorial was one outcome of the 1901 Senate Park Commission, which sought to reimagine Washington D.C.’s National Mall as a grand display of neoclassical architecture. Through taking classical European architectural themes (white marble, open-air porticos, and pillars) as their prototype, these designers and architects were attempting to evoke an idealistic image of ancient Grecian social and political norms. Abraham Lincoln was seen by many in the early 20th century to be the quintessential American embodiment of these principles. “As early as the 1880s, memories of the terrible Civil War had begun to shed their goriness and particularly to assume the form of a national epic,” and within this epic, there was no hero larger than Lincoln. As such, the members of the Senate Park Commission drafted a series of potential memorials to the 16th U.S. President in the first decade of the 20th century. It was not though until 1911, when a sufficient amount of bipartisan agreement was attained, that the plan was able to take off in earnest. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Under President William Howard Taft, a Lincoln Memorial Commission was established, and it swiftly commissioned architect Henry Bacon to head the project. Born in 1866, Bacon was already well known for his Greek Revivalist style, demonstrated by his work on the 1889 Paris World Expo, the Boston Public Library, New York’s Pennsylvania Station, and so on. Taking the ancient Athenian Parthenon as his main inspiration, Bacon drafted a “temple-like hall,” closed by thirty-eight Doric columns, within which a large statue of Lincoln and engravings of both his Gettysburg Address and second inaugural address would be held. The marble for the monument was transported all the way from Colorado’s stone quarries and, once this difficult process had commenced, building was able to begin in the spring of 1914. When the dust settled on the construction site in 1918, the price of the project rang in at over $2,000,000. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Immediately, the site became an enduring testament to the large role an individual devoted to the common good and public service can achieve. However, at the same time, it became clear that Lincoln’s memorialization could not ensure that all of his ideals would too be cast in stone. Despite the steps Lincoln took toward American racial equality throughout the Civil War period, President Harding took the memorial’s dedication ceremony as a chance to eerily assert that “the supreme chapter in American history is [union,] not emancipation” (the granting of previously enslaved African Americans full and equal citizenship rights). </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Unsurprisingly then, the twentieth century would see the memorial become a vivid site of political contestation. Civil rights activists in the late 1930s, relying on Lincoln’s generally-accepted status as a promoter of democratic ideals and liberal equality, began to imagine the memorial as a fitting space within which to amplify the continued fight for racial and economic justice. In 1939 the memorial, for the first time, became the center of a mass civil rights demonstration after the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) refused to book the African-American opera singer Marian Anderson for a performance at Constitution Hall in Washington. Organizations like the NAACP saw incidents like this one as means to expose the significant “dissonance between the ideals Lincoln represented...and the reality of their lived experience,” as the abuses of American segregation continued.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">By the 1960s, these tensions were still glaringly apparent. As Dr. Martin Luther King gave his famous “I have a Dream” speech from the steps of the memorial in August of 1963, these words from Lincoln’s second inaugural address stood, engraved, above him: “It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God’s assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men’s faces.” However, as Dr. King revealed, the forms of slavery that Lincoln had worked to do away with, had simply been transformed in the context of Jim Crow segregation, not eradicated. “One hundred years later,” he explains “the life of the Negro is still sadly cripped by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.” Nearly sixty years after Dr. King’s speech, protestors have again taken to the site to express continued inequality in the United States in the aftermath of the killing of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer in 2020. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">A key tenant of public service is to render the public sphere more equitable and </span><span style="font-weight:400;">accessible to </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">all</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;">. Lincoln’s legacy, embodied in the Lincoln Memorial, allows us to consider and to debate over the ways in which various public servants have historically contributed to this project, while also reminding us that there is always more work to be done. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Sources:</strong><br /></span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Thomas, Christopher A. "The Marble of the Lincoln Memorial: "Whitest, Prettiest, and ... Best"." </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Washington History</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> 5, no. 2 (1993): 42-63. Accessed February 5, 2021. </span><a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/40073208"><span style="font-weight:400;">http://www.jstor.org/stable/40073208</span></a><span style="font-weight:400;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Schwartz, Barry. "Collective Memory and History: How Abraham Lincoln Became a Symbol of Racial Equality." </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">The Sociological Quarterly</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> 38, no. 3 (1997): 469-96. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4121155.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Sandage, Scott A. “A Marble House Divided: The Lincoln Memorial, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Politics of Memory, 1939-1963.” The Journal of American History, vol. 80, no. 1, 1993, pp. 135–167. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2079700. Accessed 5 Feb. 2021.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Eberly, Keith R. ""To Thee We Sing": Racial Politics and the Lincoln Memorial." </span><i><span style="font-weight:400;">OAH Magazine of History</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> 23, no. 1 (2009): 55-58. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://www.jstor.org.oca.ucsc.edu/stable/25164895.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">“‘I Have A Dream’ Speech, In Its Entirety.” NPR, January 18, 2010, </span><a href="https://www.npr.org/2010/01/18/122701268/i-have-a-dream-speech-in-its-entirety"><span style="font-weight:400;">https://www.npr.org/2010/01/18/122701268/i-have-a-dream-speech-in-its-entirety</span></a><span style="font-weight:400;">. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight:400;">Nichols, Mackenzie. “Protestors Gather on Lincoln Memorial Steps to Support Black Lives Matter.” Variety Magazine, June 6th, 2020, </span><a href="https://variety.com/2020/scene/news/lincoln-memorial-protest-black-lives-matter-george-floyd-1234626998/"><span style="font-weight:400;">https://variety.com/2020/scene/news/lincoln-memorial-protest-black-lives-matter-george-floyd-1234626998/</span></a><span style="font-weight:400;">. </span></p>
<p></p>
<span style="text-decoration:underline;"></span>
<strong>Further Reading:</strong><br /><i><span style="font-weight:400;"><br />Lincoln Memorial: The Story and Design of an American Monument</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;"> by Jay Sacher<br /></span></span><br /><i><span style="font-weight:400;">The Lincoln Memorial and American</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> Life by Christopher Thomas<br /></span><br /><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Abraham Lincoln and the Forge of National Memory </span></i><span style="font-weight:400;">by Barry Schwartz</span><br /><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Lincoln and the Radicals</span></i><span style="font-weight:400;"> by T. Harry Williams</span><br /><p><span style="font-weight:400;"></span></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Henry Bacon (Architect) & Daniel Chester French (Sculptor)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Lincoln Statue Unveiling: 1920.
Memorial Construction: 1914-1918. Photograph taken in 1923.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Wikimedia
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Source: <span style="text-decoration:underline;"><a href="http://www.nps.gov/linc/learn/historyculture/lincoln-memorial-design-individuals.htm"><strong>National Parks Service</strong></a></span>
Title
A name given to the resource
The Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C.
Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln
Public Architecture
Washington D.C.
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/69ecb9e0c089fc7aa19a710fbddbd21a.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=CLsPLe7xey76tlOyPxOJMueEOf%7Es-StQhCzjetTVA2vQEGo47G0bsFopMJZsDrIB9UndaWaMTeihglSvHmTDxoRJ2DfCAKl7ttmkznq9MTXbOanTcrUuIlizo%7E5WcdyPhRCPI6DTASTbz1YNM9BEq%7EweJtRePeEnOZHKJFpoheb-oLHThE-f2gmcV5DveggwmBykfZAjIuQ%7Eih9f7FyE7pTV9UBMbEKyNZdRI%7EkkcGkyUbH93v0tMDbDUhv7Ei-D-2CqvTcUCdMvy28ZOMPyFDhiBjPZOZe3Nx6o1Y6Z0Kevo54yfzL%7EGh%7EShIflCHH1xEvuxn29tFxuREgKvdgXXQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
bc01fca15bd9abbe737f78c7b4e53c2d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Bronze Statute of Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President of the United States</strong> <br /><br />Rudulph Evans's statue of Thomas Jefferson was mounted in the Jefferson Memorial in 1947, four years after the memorial opened, Washington, D.C. <br /><br />Source: Photographs in the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/7fd468521ae01300ba698b983697f905.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=HwTh9I2BkiHV96pfgdwEahRt-GJe6yu3tjxwdm%7EPvL%7E8JmSdrPAdVKHLMy5DGWMqw-KVZjCH2b2YQn2lD%7EUq4w71f37cxZGnGqkvXOtrr8h0aUQRkaGXmlDzw1n5UlxPv1Ek8JmaqXNi4U42nh7qTnbNBOncDoL6lHsUrS-pqcRHkGzmOTWBFtJrn5cU9hLXimtpMdhWrAvS6K9OSRbLVCWU4bqwDzHh94V37LVzkIvw-XESc%7EGvnBpKhzFt7YX5jrCwPoOxxR7k7Rt-Oulvgewnb5cNBvpFPIKXOm8PJLpUTazKIGoiz0gTEmHAogWeoAtaYhVKa4Em13LMN2ZL7A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c5392b9e13eed778e71c14c59f21cb95
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Thomas Jefferson Memorial, Washington D.C.
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
The Thomas Jefferson Memorial is a presidential memorial in Washington, D.C. dedicated to Thomas Jefferson, an American Founding Father and the 3rd president of the United States. This neoclassical building was designed by John Russell Pope. It was built by Philadelphia contractor John McShain. Construction began in 1939, the building was completed in 1943, and the bronze statue of Jefferson was added in 1947.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rudulph Evans: Statue;
John Russell Pope: Memorial
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Statute and Memorial: 1943. Photograph taken in 1983.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/00653058/">Source: United States Library of Congress</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Wikimedia & Britannica
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
US Library of Congress
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
US Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rudolph Evans & John Russell Pope
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Sculpture & Photograph
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Washington D.C.
Jefferson
Public Architecture
Thomas Jefferson
Washington D.C.
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/57fbf59fe423d9282d685db3f7b92132.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=FYZbJc1GVWVwuifgZSSG0IZU0nAIDx0PFiyQYbvSIbqEQ1yHE0lPJBx7s9oZcsSjKZmdNzcXp9IejX8biUjj-3JJf7%7E49eOu3AXtkHpZxEHCsdV5zNA5XljSx2NQmb4gKU-JNuEX2eHW7Xmv1j2BtyjV1S%7EG4wTk52fDwn%7E5FhBmWZbBtG6KahMlNhucfJbbpb4ukkinfOVTtelIyCtDKiJswDAk68h%7E0kxkyZX6FtokeZS3pBDwXIQkv4hO2I8Kf1SZIrpuWpA6ckyCDrDR--I75epb1Q9Jn2NwQ28N0STciKn3u5TikjLn3xW1ZF-4yYCRrePnGIPDqJ8wrQJI5g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
4d595fd37130af48976c87bb6cd47515
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Ariel View of the Vietnam Veterans War Memorial, Washington D.C. </strong><br /><br />Photograph: Carol M. Highsmith's America, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a national war memorial in Washington, D.C. It honors members of the U.S. armed forces who fought in the Vietnam War and who died in service or are still unaccounted for. <br /><br />Source: United States Library of Congress
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/9a0db646e6c2a610c37b3c002a06fdf9.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=BJuwTmqj3DUCdfPq0wUOiyM8CsAJKa9MVUESJZhX2JdDjo7cKEAxUKusFsRHnAQAZceRqRZvFIQe49EYUznkkd9oDjUVFN3bF7addSyCe%7E-ZHyCeZjSmLwYFKYzPVw6zHn-50sKzguRflAzSmd77HXTowRTI%7EUU0mACncZwD7yOHHr0A%7E6YqLYlSL9XoJ-3-oJxyHeSo5VedyfTR-p6NHB8H0LCndYTofE0O761fkxa9WFv5YNfGVk2gXVnPdfn7aPDWI2vn1oEwbGAlE3rDAGgH82bANkRI52pIl4qYaYbUUx%7E9mgaR5vaR0h-j5rLT5VYzR%7E03oZXlAm3a3%7Ewtkg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b5dcd715fdc3cd4952932f74758bb9aa
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Statues</strong> <br /><br />Photograph by Carol M. Highsmith <br /><br />Source: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Three Soldiers, Vietnam Veterans War Memorial, Washington, D.C.
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/military-service-gallery/military-service-gallery">Return to Military Service</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
This heroic bronze statue entitled The Three Soldiers is one of the most visited monuments in Washington, D.C. It is situated in the Vietnam Veterans War Memorial and was dedicated by President Ronald Reagan in 1984.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Statue: Frederick Hart
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Statue: 1984.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2010630680/">Source: The United States Library of Congress</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Microsoft Virtual Earth & Tripadvisor
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
US Library of Congress
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
US Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Frederick Hart
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph & Statue
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Washington D.C.
Public Architecture
Soldiers
Vietnam
Washington D.C.
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/7e4bafa6668ef9f8d0e0120e16bccf3f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=P1xhELI1Fthd%7EAUos42qrTCaFZ1UupUmJx4ugzM44bgGQpUYZL-OU6iEL84Z8nLPCqbZkP6N0ZHHAgZpgP3iyCxNnO357Jd197nyhsy8AjE3AfQp31al2NHLq3yAuzGrLFilCuripAKCJNKA%7ElLFVxwaQB7R52sHBYkshYdgpBrBCbQgGLmZN8bHX-T-GjA9%7EhwHBCdm99hpvFFvxalPcK3d2tXlhXkc2oILKrBLwlx1FCFv2Lq24WJUbf2UXF7ChjSy5Sj8cFwUg8HeYMJ7CKWIdQGnE7oOf91BwD2i0PzNt6xLsyyOKMITfZQpUCxmKJU9PX0Nkiw7JRAoTgMRpg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
8809094f4f92db5b80f8854be1411f74
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Statues </strong><br /><br />Photograph in the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
First Memorial in the United States Capital Honoring Women's Military Service
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/military-service-gallery/military-service-gallery">Return to Military Service</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
This is the first memorial to be placed in the nation's capital in honor of the military service of women. It is on the grounds of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C. It depicts three women, one caring for a soldier. <br /><br /><a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2011631447/"></a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Glenna Goodacre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
November 11, 1993
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2011631447/">Source: United States Library of Congress</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
US Library of Congress
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
US Library of Congress
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
US Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Glenna Goodacre
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Sculpture
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Washington D.C.
Military Service
Public Architecture
Washington D.C.
Women
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/c72680f09b66b8a22bc0cbb4d9d4a339.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=WGjlEc-R5PJ6gWZpUzwUweAY5E925Wn44JcnGGTD4YXAlCDepI52CLDiN04E%7EOGncSG6TpVFtltalWTNX40kyafsdEeOP01TmqwgzxoQlRmUxr6cDcPLFcG0GOKZ2AbHS5HIq6oUF%7EcySVbHGPF9oYHaTW-13bRdQQv9DEUqZAOFhTOWHPKH5RTPsxNoyYolVxj-W9WvgQKIGfbtGL5Hq9aURqXV9kE%7EzCb7CuQOq8%7EO7--mepzzLAcS3s8RnedXuLOnmrVc9YvPpKLPoc3U8Zw5vn4NQDk2UXr6z2ZYfL9zQGABQ4S6dzHYW8v05uFkYcp6V242D5p%7EsMVIjQRDNw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
e1bce3ebccfc09def4744b8e556f6e8a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Poster</strong><br /><br />This commemorative poster features an idealized portrait of a young James Hoban, grouped with a sketch of his meeting with President Washington during the construction of the White House and copies of his only extant White House drawings, a 1792 floor plan and a 1793 north elevation.<br /><br />Source: <a href="http://www.whitehousehistory.org/presentations/james-hoban-architect-white-house/index.html"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>The White House Historical Association</strong></span></a> from an online exhibit documenting the illustrative career of architect, James Hoban, as architect of the White House, and for his major contributions to the early growth and development of Washington, D.C.
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/88d9698c9464ea04a298e44957f175bb.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=NRZvD-b63HrsUPftsmiwfvm7qeD4wH5sml2C084pnYqnKR0EKmqJBYioPs9cc5JggxrL6A9WIgTmHdAFPyEDxiNyX2OjxJn%7Es2CelC9NaDyJaY881QnikX3eeXJISNn2knTQhhr3UNvt9Y9VOMFB51nU82djAFTgW4N7pqM89gNib2EfrxH21KiAkHBvjZIIIKd2XB7pRcxz9OGFVwCz4rVXWIJf2Kcvyknly5xRAD-yyrmLKhg6QFDw5iJABmLNATcErUGZUxUGvH-3CIG7zbHNXIwoXQvQ8-13A%7E-rZp0fxfhzh4R4lKfU7S2rMDu%7EjEYX%7EdEiP7E6Mk1L2jHdHQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
65ba8675410b6d620bca972f6957051e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Portrait </strong><br /><br />This portrait is a small wax bas-relief in the White House collection.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
James Hoban, Public Architect and Developer. Architect of the White House.
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>"Do nothing- Or, take history into our own hands and like few generations are given the chance, bend it, bend it in the service of a better day." </strong> - Joseph R. Biden Jr., Former Vice President of the United States <br /><br />The rich sandstone walls of the White House were built in the last decade of the eighteenth century and except for major repair in 1814-1817 remain largely as they were built. James Hoban is celebrated for contributions to the early growth and development of Washington, D.C., as architect, builder, and mason, captain of a militia company, city councilman and civic leader. Hoban was also a successful real estate developer and initiated a private fund to employ schoolteachers, raise a volunteer fire brigade, and assist Irish construction workers in need. <br /><br />President Washington sought out Hoban, conferred with him, and quickly selected the architect’s proposed design for the President’s House in July 1792. Although time, and occupants with different needs, have altered the White House in many ways, the White House image famous throughout the world is Hoban's entirely.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
James Womer: Poster;
John Christian Rauschner: Portrait
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1981: Poster
c. 1800: Portrait
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="http://www.whitehousehistory.org/presentations/james-hoban-architect-white-house/james-hoban-architect-white-house-01.html">Imaging James Hoban</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
White House History & Wikimedia
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
The White House
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The White House
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
James Womer & John Christian Rauschner
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Poster & Mixed Media
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Washington D.C.
James Hoban
Public Architecture
Washington D.C.
White House
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/d6189c09f7c89ea42e53321248dc79a1.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=iYXTjYqoDg8SBzL4qM-H%7EfPm0zWmjUYR2KBPjPdjXFPSoX5yyLshepzLvpcbVYbk8wFLLjdlqJ9g6O809bMjYLpc2l8STg2LTGuGAKjJsGohpjgkJDfqUAMi1F4Mivxpl3kwD3aSzWdHl74p9xS2gYwVX7Gw2k6Fqb2qsF189GTtWVBAUMRjyPJbjR8tNc-4QJqAWBFW4U%7EexrBHOSaBCbASD3iPTriFl3wtiqwhRp8Ob5qGpmOcj4rsC6x2uF%7EWCOyGIziFq7Xfc2F2C5q1M8HbY-YdHoBHh9JOmbH5EyPcO9nCEULZU8V0nuIAbqt5fK1kCN69UCfx5RIIzl-lCw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
e44b5f1eedf22154c134bf0ff2d2f459
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Arch</strong><br /><br /><strong>Source</strong>: Oberlin College. (2012, September 30). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 03:48, October 4, 2012, from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oberlin_College&oldid=515341477">http://bit.ly/QTV38J</a><br /><br />For Further Exploration Please Visit <br /><a href="http://new.oberlin.edu/">http://new.oberlin.edu/</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
View of Arch "A" - Oberlin, Ohio
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
Photograph of the Oberlin College (View of the Arch) <br /><br />"Both the college and the town of Oberlin were founded in 1833 by a pair of Presbyterian ministers...Oberlin College is a private liberal arts college in Oberlin, Ohio, noteworthy for having been the first American institution of higher learning to regularly admit female and black students. Connected to the college is the Oberlin Conservatory of Music, the oldest continuously operating conservatory in the country...It is also the oldest continuously operating coeducational institution, since having admitted four women in 1837."
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
R.W. Johnston Studios
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
c 1909
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/pan/6a08000/6a08500/6a08562r.jpg">Library of Congress</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
NY Times
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Library of Congress
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Library of Congress
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
R.W. Johnston Studios
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Ohio
Ohio
Public Architecture
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/06649f8b269a9ea721992dc97bd081f2.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=RCOaLThHODQybv6yt9WvEiXE2XKelYVflErN7tLuw0yDyVJrQ3v2sV-D7kk8eRE3Aqtylav60at1v98DgBHBd5%7EWRu4LPoCdcTUfKriz%7EkLUAcbt1VyYTsBJ3ZnhnHkA24FcsyI8xzl0RRM7i63KhTc0T-V40%7EP9qj4kMgE2nPeIC12MhJzBd9A6M-qkIn%7EmnxOHAIAthK%7EufMLa5mF2-BwecREVvsEYRyuFX4nFt%7EKLp2t029z-0WEfjfSg38il%7Entw-mDbR5csRHezWpIsdj-rPfFVkhRl0xlKuSJ4irtISV7oCEM-H6RMn-bejuLR9yNh3sostmLhZw9aVuGAog__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
e7c5e6777707dac0edc64d1298f645e1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Florida East Coast Railway Advert
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
The Florida East Coast Railway (reporting mark FEC) is a Class II railroad operating in the U.S. state of Florida; in the past, it has been a Class I railroad. Built primarily in the last quarter of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century, the FEC was a project of Standard Oil principal Henry Morrison Flagler. Flagler originally visited Florida to aid with the health issues faced by his first wife, Mary. A key strategist who worked closely with John D. Rockefeller building the Standard Oil Trust, Henry Flagler noted both a lack of services and great potential during his stay at St Augustine. He subsequently began what amounted to his second career developing resorts, industries, and communities all along Florida's shores abutting the Atlantic Ocean. <br /><br />The FEC is possibly best known for building the railroad to Key West, completed in 1912. When the FEC's line from the mainland to Key West was heavily damaged by the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935, the State of Florida purchased the remaining right-of-way and bridges south of Dade County, and they were rebuilt into road bridges for vehicle traffic and became known as the Overseas Highway. However, a greater and lasting Flagler legacy was the developments along Florida's eastern coast.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Henry Morrison Flagler
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1913
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1913_Florida_East_Coast_Railway_advert.jpg">Florida East Coast Railway (via Wikipedia)</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Wikimedia
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Lee Standiford
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Lee Standiford
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Henry Morrison Flagler
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Poster
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Florida
Florida
Florida East Coast Railway
Public Architecture
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/1d5bb071ad1eab356fe277626a3475bf.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Kc771ZGe-gUrWzWgBGuYTqD75NKIyLTMdplxb5AcXPQ85VQHEv9ifitwZ-cc9uk4R9HQ1ONiA-Z7jJxgrgWeSgrT8MA6IH0uWGU%7ELcSEzwNgXX0Tl%7EOFrqylXvW02w8XVHCZysroTYn8F8kdUvVENRaKAcc0ASgHwu2nRtXpHXGrS7HenSpJ1Q-yh83-hBRA5nPCEctipaKxwoiAV5eVkxSt1Q5EaygBAEThY%7EPJC3f5sL5FllBqGQ919XKqtKyZMKLetwrin07OQSY4kIuwFdNNhw2cZrE7HaSshepuFmNystcNZP3nxyGutkdYguCk0pWsfLsS4nKdQL677vAgKA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
502914ec8e0a26ac4481cbdf1921ca4b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Miami Beach Venetian Causeway
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
The Venetian Causeway crosses Biscayne Bay between Miami on the mainland and Miami Beach on abarrier island in south Florida. The man-made Venetian Islands and non-bridge portions of the causeway were created by materials which came from the dredging of the bay.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1926
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="https://www.miamidade.gov/parks/venetian.asp">Florida Department of State</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Wikimedia
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Florida Department of State
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Florida Department of State
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Division of Historical Resources
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Miami, Florida
Florida
Miami
Public Architecture
Venetian Causeway
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/46466/archive/files/1944e3016a24fa3e550f23ee96248dec.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=D5XwHPoo2vUuHDT-bl1ghQVlJ3q5cZ3ppvOm8O2oPS1oRg54iA85xkRPGge2UCXvQssNJkQxVCUExbWAVgqaVmI5zl64n1NZxqwdRdz-jSWsAgAhxOaF-CFJZLT7e2VeaqfFcIN6JUiN0%7EweAWeLohBThaMEZlcLy5rg70Xh2GYErvlrt%7ENYhuqMRTPcl652-ASOLgVxxz8L6WjyrPuOeTI88Cna6rgVXmMhgNVrr1p5imA2-K5i2IqncFNHoJNyMRB08hdXqR4ilIoJUgPvNZqdxR-X8r74xo4eHG5SCQ8e1q2wSXHo08%7EIAP5t%7EX-vqsaJ0%7EtQ%7EfBwzhWNRlsC3g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
e267457454bf5967d361392e9981b04a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Texas Capitol</strong><br /><br />For Further Exploration Please Visit <br /><a href="http://www.tspb.state.tx.us/spb/capitol/texcap.htm">http://bit.ly/O814y7 (dead link)</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<h3><strong>Civic Architecture and Public Works (A-1)</strong></h3>
Description
An account of the resource
<p><em><strong>"What vast additions to the conveniences and comforts of living might mankind have acquired, if the money spent in wars had been employed in works of public utility; what an extension of agriculture even to the tops of our mountains; what rivers rendered navigable, or joined by canals; what bridges, aqueducts, new roads, and other public works, edifices, and improvements might not have been obtained by spending those millions in doing good, which in the last war have been spent in doing mischief." </strong></em>- Benjamin Franklin</p>
<p>“Public works” entails a broad array of improvement projects, inlcuding development and maintenance of public utilities, bridges and roadways, parks, airports, municipal buildings, communication networks, and many other physical and virtual assets. <br /><br />These are essential to the conduct of society, as many of the forces that impact our lives on a day-to-day basis are impacted by public works. However, these services and infrastructure are so often used that they blend into the background fabric of life, and individuals may not recognize the centrality of the public sector in the provision of these necessities.<br /><br />Public works professionals include laborers, technicians, craftsmen, engineers, and administrators. During the Great Depression, public works provided jobs and a morale boost for Americans, while helping build many key structures and facilities still vital to the country’s modern infrastructure.</p>
Civic architecture defines public institutions and venues as focal points in the landscape of cities, towns and villages. In your mind, picture a city hall, a bandshell, a hospital, a library, a memorial or monument. Envision your favorite parks, schools and universities. These institutions and sites are sources of great community pride, in part due to their architectural magnificence. <br /><br />In many cases, civic architecture is designed to ensure that public venues can accommodate large numbers of the public, to facilitate meaningful interaction between the public and with government. Public venues also serve an important local economic purpose by supporting cultural entertainment, festivals, farmer’s markets, and small business and entrepreneurial activities.<br /><br />The items in the <em>Civic Architecture and Public Works </em>gallery illuminate the presence of public service in our daily activities as well as less signficant moments, both individual and societal. As you review these items, we invite you to consider how the places you frequent and the infrastructure you use is possible because of the public sector.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Texas Capitol from the South Ground
Subject
The topic of the resource
<h4><a href="https://vmps.omeka.net/exhibits/show/architecture-and-public-works/architecture-gallery">Return to Architecture and Public Works</a></h4>
Description
An account of the resource
The Texas Capitol is recognized as one of the most distinguished state capitols in the country. It's an excellent example of a late 19th century public architecture. The capitol was completed in 1888. In 1986, it was designated a National Historic Landmark for its contribution to American history.<br /><br />For further exploraiton, please visit <a href="https://tspb.texas.gov/prop/tcg/tcg/grounds.html">https://tspb.texas.gov/prop/tcg/tcg/grounds.html</a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Elijah E. Myers
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1888
Relation
A related resource
Link: <a href="http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/images/backgrounds/capitolc_1024.jpg">Texas Legislature</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Visit Austin
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Texas Legislature
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Texas Legislature
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Elijah E. Meyers
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Medium: Photograph
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Public Architecture
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Architecture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Austin, Texas
Public Architecture
Texas
Texas Capitol